Teams. . Jeanie did her major in business and graduated with honors from the University of Southern California. •. "Jeanie Buss called me. What a world. Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Jeanie Buss Photos stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures. " Johnny Buss is the son of Laker Owner Jerry Buss (O. The Lakers owner is engaged to her longtime boyfriend, comedian Jay Mohr, according to TMZ, which reported the couple is ecstatic. Hadley Robinson has never met Jeanie Buss,. Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Jeanie Buss stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures. A. (Who interestingly enough, was born in Santa Monica. During an interview on "In Depth with Graham Bensinger," Buss talked about. ago. Jeanie Buss sits in the stands at Staples Center during a Lakers all-access event for fans. Hefner 2 copies. 20 years ago she posed nude for Playboy and SI--she wants you to know. All about Playboy Magazine ~ May 1995 (Nancy Sinatra) by Playboy. She is a producer and director, known for WOW: Women of Wrestling (2000), Untitled LA Lakers/Netflix Project and Legacy: The True Story of the LA Lakers (2022). JEANIE BUSS Signed 8x10 PLAYBOY PLAYMATE Photo w/ Hologram COA NBA L. Los Angeles Lakers president Jeanie Buss and comedian Jay Mohr were married earlier this year in an intimate beachside wedding ceremony in Malibu over Labor Day weekend. This 4x6 photo was personally signed by Jeanie BussJeanie Buss (born September 26, 1961) [1] is an American executive for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). solosnake 4 years ago #1. Order: April. Over the past year or so (since Dr. Part of the fallout was a rekindling of Jackson’s interest in basketball, leading him to take the job of team president for the Knicks, which took him across the. remag75 • 3 yr. 's 130-116 Crypto. Los Angeles Lakers owner Jeanie Buss has revealed her engagement to comedian Jay Mohr six years after ending her well-publicized romance with former team coach Phil Jackson. No sense in looking back anymore and just get a grip of the situation. "In terms of. Download. I've known Jeanie since she was in Playboy. Lakers' President Jeanie Buss accuses fellow NBA owner of groping her. Six Hell's Angels roar up on Rose Avenue, rattling the open windows of the cafe where we sit, just off the beach in Venice, California. You can tell she is a great person who takes pride in continuing her dad's legacy. 5" bone pressed, with OVER 7" of girth. She was. J. Repost from @accomedyclub. pictures and photos. (Katie Falkenberg / Los Angeles Times) Five years later, just two seasons after winning a 17 th title. Jeanie Buss is the CEO of the Los Angeles Lakers, one of the most successful professional basketball teams in history. Despite the constant requests, Buss always signs. Los Angeles Lakers owner Jeanie Buss probably should’ve learned from others as now some of her old tweets are making a comeback online. He was the majority owner of the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), winning 10 league championships that were highlighted by the team's Showtime era during the 1980s. (NBA) teams, Jeanie Buss is well-known in the professional basketball community. Prior to taking over the Lakers from her father in 2013. Jerry Buss is the man responsible. 92. Jeanie Buss just backed one up over her NBA legend fiance Phil Jackson -- exposing him to the world. team’s evolution via the Buss family, players, coaches and fans, each sharing perspectives on its epic highs and distressing lows. Buss’ net worth is estimated to be at $500 million as a result of her controlling ownership of the Lakers and co-ownership of the U. Jeannie Buss Playboy. The. Jeanie posed nude for Playboy magazine. This news from TMZ Sports comes six years after Buss and former. He bought the Lakers in 1979, envisioning an opportunity to turn the franchise into one of the most entertaining attractions in Los Angeles, while simultaneously starting what would become a multi-billion-dollar family business. Su pasado en Playboy y su romance con Phil Jackson. Honestly he was the greatest Laker ever. during the interview, Jeanie Buss talked about how people still ask her to autograph her Playboy photos from 1995 (which she does), how Jay Mohr’s drug addiction temporarily ended their relationship, and whether or not,. and Janie. The speculation about Los Angeles Lakers owner Jeanie Buss and comedian Jay Mohr being engaged has been confirmed by the former. Jeanie said, ‘Dennis you want to go out to dinner?’ I said ‘Yeah why not. Buss remembered what her father, one of the most iconic owners in NBA history, had taught her. The 59-year-old owner and president of the LA Lakers. Photo: wikimedia. 4. Las polémicas que rodean a Buss . Monday, December 04, 2006. But instead,. ago. ” Buss, 53, is engaged to Phil Jackson, who in March was named president of the Knicks. Jeanie is the only daughter of the late Jerry Buss owner of the Lakers and other sports businesses. Lakers Owner Jeanie Buss | This Past Weekend #121. net t n a flix. Jeanie Buss stock photos are available in a variety of sizes and. wisdomafterall 4 years ago #2. More like this. Martell Foundation's Spirit of Excellence Awards at the Beverly Wilshire Four Seasons Hotel on September 1, 2015 in Beverly Hills, California. In the second season finale of ‘Winning Time,’ Jeanie Buss reveals she is dating Jay Wells in a conversation with Claire Rothman. news. Unless she recreated her playboy shoot sometime after that. You will find here a selection of Vintage Playboy Magazines from the 1990s The Cover - Playboy Magazine May 1995 vol. We included that quite a bit in the show; he has this. January 30, 2020 11:44 AM. After the split, Buss says. “I don’t think what people think anymore,” Gibson told Depandi. Jeanie Buss, who owns the Lakers and once did a Playboy shoot, shared a memory of Hefner with her father, Jerry Buss. In the video below, Jeanie Buss, the owner of the Los Angeles Lakers, opens up about her debut in Playboy Magazine, describing it as. Shaquille O’Neal and the LA Lakers went from being the perfect marriage to an ugly divorce. As stated earlier, Buss’ view of the 2009-2010 season is just half…But, did you know that Rodman also dated Los Angeles Lakers owner and president, Jeanie Buss?! This obviously was before her days as president, back when her father, Jerry Buss, still was the Lakers owner. Season 1 also touched on his playboy tendencies, which were widely covered by the media during his team’s Showtime era of the ‘80s. com faily odd parents porn alien vs monsters pornpornhiho. Lakers owner Jeanie Buss claimed recently that the team will retire LeBron James' jersey shortly after he is inducted into the Hall of Fame. At the age of 19, she joined the family business to work. A. ORLANDO, Fla. (His playboy lifestyle was blamed for his. Joey Buss, who has been the president and CEO of the team’s G League affiliate (the South Bay Lakers) for 15 seasons, is the Lakers’ vice president of research and development. Jeanie Buss optimistic heading into 2022-23 season. Hugh Hefner, the founder of Playboy, died on Wednesday at age 91 in his home at the Playboy Mansion. LamatoRodriguez • 5 mo. November 01, 2020, 18:45 hs. We're only up to 2007 across the site, so far . Lakers owner Jeanie Buss has cringeworthy thirst tweets resurface. Jeanie Buss has been in a couple of high-profile relationships but she's only been married once, to volleyball pro Steve Timmons. Buss had questioned Johnson several times in the wake of his public resignation, asking him if there were any issues with Pelinka or anyone else in the organization. Jeanie Buss fue imagen de revistas como Playboy en su juventud y ahora dirige una corporación que posee a los Lakers, campeones de la NBA. The $24 million he purchased for the Lakers and Kings would be $95. 65 meters. Dennis Rodman claims he once dated current Lakers president Jeanie Buss. Jeanie Buss is one of the most famous owners in the NBA simply because she is the owner of the Los Angeles Lakers. Jeanie Buss may be the owner of a multi-billion dollar Lakers franchise, but $5 million definitely isn't anything to sneeze at. Browse 762 jeanie buss photos photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more photos and images. She posed nude in the May 1995 issue of Playboy. S. I can't even imagine being 14 and having a father who's dating all these young Playboy girls. Her net worth is 500 million. S. Jerry Buss. A. Jeanie Buss recounted in an interview the moment another owner of an NBA team groped her in front of the other team owners. com 818-249-4998. women's professional wrestling promotion Women of Wrestling . Born on 26 September 1961, Jeanie Buss is 59 years old as of 2022. Jeanie Marie Buss (born September 26, 1961) [1] is an American sports executive who is the controlling owner and president of the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), [2] [3] and co-owner and promoter of the U. March 3, 2017 4 PM PT. com. Lakers owner Jeanie Buss posing for Playboy back in 1995. lakers owner HolographsStore . ” Always having a mind of her own, she appeared in Playboy after her only marriage ended in 1995. Jeanie Buss, who is engaged to. Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Jeannie Buss stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures. When she opted to participate in the photoshoot 27 years ago, Buss achieved a personal goal. EL SEGUNDO, CA - September 20: Jeanie Buss, CEO / Governor / Co-owner of the Los Angeles Lakers, appears as the Lakers host a 2021-2022 season kick-off event to unveil and announce a new global marketing partnership with Bibigo, which will appear on the Lakers jersey at the UCLA Health Training Center in El. this weekend, there was plenty to talk about. Jeanne Buss is as tall as 1. Meanwhile, Buss has been making headlines on social media. See, Jeanie is the former Playboy pinup who happens to be the daughter of Lakers owner Jerry. Jeanie Buss may have remained mum on Winning Time, but. Los Angeles Lakers owner Jeanie Buss has not hesitated to open up about her Playboy appearance back in the 1990s in a recent interview. owners, Dr. Producer: Women of Wrestling. In the same conversation with Bensinger, Buss spoke. The 1996 draft had arrived, and the town talked about Kobe Bryant and how the Lakers wanted him but wasn’t in the position to grab him. Among her many talents is acting. Former Detroit Pistons and Chicago Bulls star Dennis Rodman has revealed that he has slept with over 2,000 women, which have included actresses like Carmen Electra. She has two half brothers, Jesse Buss and Joey Buss, from her father's side. Buss is the daughter of Jerry Buss, who later owned the Lakers and. Jennie buss nude 🔥 Naked Jenny - Porn Photos Sex Videos. Hence, due to the former couple’s professional obligations. Players. I appreciate the fact she didn’t just go do it when she was 18 or 20 something. 篮球遮胸，引人遐想。. So I start, this is a true story. Dr. holographs (2,912) 98. 19mete96 • 5 mo. Jeanie Buss, daughter of Los Angeles Lakers owner Jerry Buss, is in the May issue of Playboy. The video belonged to Game of Thrones, specifically, to. 539K subscribers in the lakers community. . Hip Hop. CEO & Controlling Owner, Los Angeles Lakers. im estimating his size to be at least 8. The Lakers boss who posed nude in the May 1995 playboy magazine cited professional obligations and geographic distance as reasons for breaking up with Phil Jackson; a similar excuse she gave before. View Product. . We’re friends with the whole Playboy family. The 60-year-old used to send wild tweets while talking about NBA players. . Dr. . Also, his sister, Susan, used to be a Playboy bunny. @wowsuperheroes. Lakers owner Jeanie Buss reveals posing for Playboy in 1995 and receives constant requests to sign the photos from the shoot. It was Jeanie Buss. She has been married to Jay Mohr since 2 September 2023. A. It is the dream lover of many players. C. L. After the first few weeks of the 2022-23 season started, NBA analysts doubted Buss's NBA team would even make the playoffs. Jeanie Buss, who posed in the May 1995 issue of 'Playboy' magazine, says she still gets requests from people asking her to sign the photos. 4 million images and real time event coverage from coast to coast, ImageCollect is the only celebrity photo site you'll ever need. When she was asked how she felt about the Playboy photos, she said, “Little Jeanie inspires me to be strong, to remind me of who I am at the core. Jeanie Buss, la mujer que se peleó con sus hermanos para ser la patrona de los LakersHadley Robinson had a lot of studying to do when she landed the role of "legend" Jeanie Buss, the daughter of Lakers owner, Jerry Buss, in HBO's hit series, "Winning Time: The Rise of the Lakers. Check Price. When she was 19 her father put Buss in charge of the Los Angeles Strings of World Team Tennis. The pictures feature her in various poses and costumes, including a signature Playboy Bunny costume. She is currently the Executive Vice President of Business Operations of the Lakers. “Jeanie Buss is a tough. My first encounter with Jerry Buss occurred in his private box high atop the Fabulous Forum during a Lakers game in 1983. The controlling owner of the LA Lakers, 61. his cock has been described as "like an evian bottle", with gargantual thickness that would rival shane diesel and shorty mac. The conversation also touched on Buss autographing her Playboy photos from 1995, Jay Mohr's past drug addiction affecting their relationship temporarily, and addressing claims about her dating. “That playboy image is from 30 years ago, when Dad was out and I was hanging with him. 144 Playmate shoots, 12 PMOY shoots, 122 Covers, 104 Pictorials. Her two older brothers are Johnny and Jim Buss, and her younger sister is Janie Buss. Buss, who previously dated Phil Jackson and Dennis Rodman, has been in a. Ms. S. 3. Stephen Wayda, Playboy Photographer. With her father in the hospital undergoing cancer treatment, Jeanie. Dreaming Of Jeanie: Jeanie Buss: may be the ultimate Laker girl: The one who ends up running the franchise: May 1995 :Lakers owner Jeanie Buss was married to former volleyball player Steve Timmons from 1990 to 1993 having met and dated for a year. 在湖人更衣室上演脱衣诱惑。. Stephen is still producing stunning images for Playboy. Jay Wells Dated Jeanie Buss. March 3, 2022. Believe it or not, Lakers owner Jeanie Buss once posed for Playboy magazine. . Not that anyone asked but I’ve always had a crush on Jeanie Buss. James Harden pisses Clippers fans off after 2 games. Like how she first met some of the players and how she did Playboy in the 90’s. Born Jeanie Marie Buss on 26th September, 1961 in Santa Monica, California, USA, she is. . Los Angeles Lakers owner Jeanie Buss has not hesitated to open up about her Playboy appearance back in the 1990s in a recent interview. Tickets. Jeanie Buss, controlling owner and president of the Los Angeles Lakers, speaks during the Lakers 2020 NBA championship ring ceremony before their. Jeanie is the. Photo: Rich Fury/Getty. B. . ” Follow us on Instagram @daddyissuespod_ Learn more about your ad-choices at co-owner Jeanie Buss gets a hug from LeBron James after the team won the NBA championship. And honestly what Rob Pelinka has done it's seems like she has a great guy at the helm to keep the Lakers in contention ever after Lebrons time has passed. August 24, 2022. C. . She revealed that despite her past appearance was in. Jeanie Buss is trying not to sniffle in. CEO / GOVERNOR. 24, three days after Jeanie Buss had fired her brother Jim Buss as the team's executive vice president of basketball operations, Johnny Buss sent a notice calling for a board meeting on. The show stars John C. Jeanie Buss Photos. Jeanie Buss told The Athletic's Bill Oram in a story published Monday that she still consults Magic Johnson about basketball matters. Browse Getty Images' premium collection of high-quality, authentic Jeanie Buss stock photos, royalty-free images, and pictures. 41% (20 of 68 votes) 193: Britt Ekland ActressAs the president and controlling owner of the most Hollywood of NBA franchises, Buss has long sat at the intersection of sports and entertainment. Jeanie Buss recounted in an interview the moment another owner of an NBA team groped her in front of the other team owners. Jeanie Buss measurements. But instead, it was given to her brother. As of 2023, she’s worth a whopping $500 million, thanks to her savvy. Jackson relocated from their Playa del Rey, Calif. She posed nude in the May 1995 issue of Playboy. Buss, 58, the controlling owner of the basketball franchise and one of the most influential women in sports, paid $2. So they put me up in the Ritz Carlton, in the penthouse, and she said ‘You wanna have some drinks?‘ so we have some drinks. She posed nude in the May 1995 issue of Playboy. However, Jackson put out a. News, Politics, Entertainment, Celebrity, Culture. September 4, 2023 10:44 am ET. Los Angeles Lakers owner Jeanie Buss has celebrated a beach wedding with famous actor Jay Mohr after six years of dating. ago. Reading Time: 3 mins read. In May of 1995, Jeanie posed for Playboy on top of her dad’s desk. Quentin Tarantino is interviewed for the November 2003 issue. Buss is the daughter of Jerry Buss, who later owned the. Click to read more about Playboy Magazine ~ May 1995 (Nancy Sinatra) by Playboy. Got A Tip? Email Or Call (888) 847-9869. 4y; Most Relevant is selected, so some replies may have been filtered out. That she did, and Jeanie has been very good at Marketing the Laker brand worldwide. So I start, this is a true story, I started dating Jeanie Buss. Of course, it's the only Playboy I haven't looked. Vote Ranking : 1: Jeana Turner TV Reality Show Contestant 100% (1 of 1 votes) 2: Heloisa Pinheiro Playmate 100% (1 of 1 votes) 3:. She was in playboy back in the 90s. Free. The pair often sit together in Buss’ second-row seats during Lakers games at Crypto. Autograph seekers, man. 6 million for the four-bedroom duplex, according to a deed filed in county. Monday, December 04, 2006. In 1995, Jeanie posed. She revealed that despite her past. LA Lakers controlling owner and president Jeanie Buss married comedian Jay Mohr over the weekend in Malibu, California. B) and brother of Jeanie Buss, who previously posed nude in PLAYBOY as. Lakers owner Jeanie Buss said young professionals who dream of one day being in her position shouldn't necessarily follow her career path. NBA. Buss inherited the Lakers mantle from her playboy businessman father, Jerry Buss (who she refers to by his preferred title, Dr. Theo Von Talks With Lakers Owner Jeanie Buss About Posing for Playboy. The Lakers owner who appeared naked in the May 1995 issue of playboy magazine gave his reasons for breaking up with Phil Jackson “professional duties. Because, as she’d grown up, so too had her fans. Buss told Dan Woike and Brad Turner of the Los Angeles Times in a recent interview that such a decision was an easy one (h/t Lakers Nation ). . Lakers Owner Jeanie Buss | This Past Weekend #121. Nancy Sinatra, Jeanie Buss: 6-1995 Julie Lynn Cialini Rhonda Adams Joycelyn Elders Tom Arnold Julie Lynn Cialini - PMOY: 7-1995 Sandra Taylor Heidi Mark Mel Gibson: Kurt Loder Sandra Taylor: 8-1995 Shelly Jones Rachel Jean Marteen Berry Gordy Dawn Steel Traci Adell: 9-1995 Kimberley Conrad Hefner Donna D'Errico Cindy Crawford Source eBay. Full Episode: Highlights: The sexual harassment and filming for Playboy: Los Angeles Lakers owners exposed - voila! sport. Entering her sixth season as Chief Executive Officer after 15 seasons as Executive Vice President of Business Operations, Jeanie Buss is now responsible for running all aspects of the Los Angeles Lakers organization. Recently he has become a father figure to Demel's. Jeanie Buss was devastated. Jeanie Buss was married to Steve Timmons, a volleyball player, but got divorced in 1993. Jerry Buss, the playboy owner of the Los Angeles Lakers who died last month, has left his sprawling Hawaii digs and hot wheels to his much younger girlfriend. ’ I’ve known Jeanie since she was in Playboy. That relationship has been nothing but an unmitigated success. Jeanie Buss has a net worth of $500. The fact that the team’s owner, Dr. Jeanie Buss stock photos are available in a. Ünlü voleybol oyuncusu Steve Timmons ile evlenen Jeanie Buss, işinin her zaman öncelikli olduğunu söylerek 1990 yılında üç yıllık evliliğini sona erdirdi. Tara Reid Was Once Shamed for “The Ugliest Boob Job in the World”. Yearly Salary. Buss, 61, was married to volleyball player. Related:. Jeanie Buss (2009) photo: * Buss_cooper_shaw. HBO’s “Winning Time” depicted the two. The issue was Buss had never played golf a day in her life. Lakers governor and controlling owner Jeanie Buss took to social media on Thursday to express some heartfelt emotions over the recent death of franchise icon Kobe Bryant. So according to Rodman, the two ‘dated’ for six months, but Jeanie viewed it as something else. Jeanie Buss married Steve Timmons, a former volleyball player, in 1990. News, Politics, Entertainment, Celebrity, Culture. Jeanie Buss was in a long-term relationship with Hall of Fame head coach Phil Jackson from 1999 to 2016. (The Big Lead) Filed Under: NBA. Buss, 58, had been hearing comments for years from people who felt it was inappropriate and assumed it came from her 1995 photoshoot with Playboy. News’ Giuliana Depandi prior to the release of the March 2005 Playboy issue, Debbie Gibson said that she wasn’t afraid to “offend” her fanbase. Jeannie Buss stock photos are available in a variety of sizes and formats to fit your needs. After all, she debuted as a model and once did "Playboy" The cover girl of the magazine. Buss, too. "Oh my God," Cindy exclaims, her eyes suddenly gleaming. Jeanie Buss was born on 26 September 1961 in Los Angeles, California, USA. Teams. Jeanie Buss was born into an affluent family in Santa Monica, California to father Jerry Buss, a sports entrepreneur, and mother, Joan Buss. While appearing in a documentary about the Lakers may not exactly be considered acting, she was the producer for it. Believe it or not, Lakers owner Jeanie Buss once posed for Playboy magazine. Amateur Voyeur Forum - View Single Post - Gallery Nude Babes. Jeanie Buss was born on September 26, 1961, in Santa Monica, California, USA, to Jerry Buss and JoAnn Mueller. Los Angeles Lakers owner Jeanie Buss is doing an excellent job as top person in the franchise. At the age of 19, while Buss was studying business at the University of Southern California, Jerry appointed her as the general manager of the Los Angeles Strings, the team tennis franchise he owned. That photo features Jeanie with a blue backdrop, holding two basketballs. Buss grew up in Hollywood, the third of six children of sports tycoon Jerry Buss. Jeanie Buss is the daughter of late Los Angeles Lakers owner Jerry Buss. Pelinka, for example, the longtime agent for Bryant and close friend of Buss, who sources say still has her full support and trust. Later, when Jerry Buss tasked Jeanie with running the Los Angeles Strings of the World Team Tennis league, Rambis went with her. 5 Playboy Magazine May 1995 vol. RM PNA16P – Jeanie Buss at the Premiere of Fox Searchlight Pictures' 'Battle of the Sexes' held at the Regency Village Theater in Westwood, CA, September 16, 2017. 65 meters. We get the backstory of the creation of the WNBA and how everyone thought that Jeanie would be the person to run the LA team. org. He has called Buss a. (Allen J. AutoScroll. Por ejemplo, a los 32 años posó para la revista Playboy, algo que hasta el. ets. More Items From eBay. S. Jeanie Buss wasn’t associated with personnel decisions until head coach Mike Brown was fired five games into the 2012-13 season. They’re not 10 years old. She hails from a sports dynasty and is one of the NBA’s most high-profile businesswomen. So she shared the story. amateurvoyeurforum. Lakers owner Jeanie Buss posing for Playboy back in 1995. So we dug these photos up on the interweb, enjoy. The Lakers owner is engaged to her longtime boyfriend, comedian Jay Mohr, according to TMZ, which reported the couple is ecstatic. She is a producer and director, known for Women of Wrestling (2000), Untitled LA Lakers/Netflix Project and Legacy: The True Story of the LA Lakers (2022). She is on it now, but had to get out from underneath it all. They don't get it. She posed for Playboy magazine, just because she wanted to, in 1995. Buss’ father, Jerry Buss, owned the Los Angeles Kings hockey team for which Wells. The LA Lakers is worth 4. When Jeanie, who serves as the Lakers' ecutive vice president and dates head coach Phil Jackson, told Buss in 1995 that she'd be posing for Playboy, his response was nothing if not courtly. AutoScroll. Jeanie Buss is also an actress. And. With a meme. Buss remembered what her father, one of the most iconic owners in NBA history, had taught her. The. Dr. 8%. Jeanie Buss Playboy is a series of pictures that feature Jeanie Marie Buss, the owner and president of the Los Angeles Lakers. They’re part of (L. Dünyaca ünlü dergi Playboy'a 1995 yılında çıplak pozlar vererek büyük yankı uyandıran Jeanie, 1999'da LA Lakers'ın eski koçu Phil Jackson ile çıkmaya başladı. She delves into her family's connections to Playboy and shares insights into the support she received from both her family and the. "I only say that because I posed in Playboy," Buss. After Jerry divorced JoAnn, in 1972, he had two more. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Playboy 7/1995 Jennifer Driver, Jeanie Buss, George Foreman, Merlin Monroe at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products!Jeanie Marie Buss is an American sports executive who is the controlling owner and president of the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , and co-owner and promoter of the U.